The Balanced Innovation Model. The case of Crowdfunding platforms.

Purpose – The paper aims to analyze balanced centricity (Gummesson, 2008) as an institutional arrangement (Vargo and Lusch, 2016) fostering the innovation process by taking out the customer from the central positioning to involve other business partners. The practices of actors’ service ecosystem are put in focus (Russo Spena et al., 2017; Tronvoll, 2017). Methodology–. Qualitative case study research was conducted using different methods of data generation including personal interviews and netnography analysis of the crowdfunding context. fifteen cases on the crowdfunding context from five different platforms and in four different countries were analysed. Research limitations/implications (if applicable) –The empirical approach considers fifteensuccess cases on the crowdfunding context in four different platforms and countries. Other contexts, different from the crowdfunding and other countries would be useful to add new perspectives to the theory development. Originality– The present paper defines a theoretical Model for Balanced Innovation, that brings together the concepts “Balanced Centricity”, “Innovation” and “Service ecosystems”. Hitherto, it offers a basis for designing systems of value co-creation which aims to facilitate innovation through institutionalization and value co-creation in viable service ecosystems.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

The role of network ties in reaching radical innovation

The purpose of this paper is to analyze how institutions can facilitate or inhibit radical innovation. The authors maintain that organizational radical innovation is necessary to maintain a competitive advantage and evolve in the market place, and institutions are the basis of this innovation. From an innovation and Service Dominant Logic perspective, the authors propose network ties to be a determining factor for the achievement of innovation through institutionalization in the University knowledge management context.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec

Value proposition as a framework for value co-creation in crowd-funding ecosystem

The present paper suggests that crowd-funding in the arts and cultural sector occurs within a complex service ecosystem, where six categories of value propositions frame eight value co-creation processes, namely through ideation, evaluation, design, testing, launch, financing and authorship. Managerial contributions include the development of a crowd-funding service ecosystem model for arts managers, which offers not only a method of financing or economic value, but which also offers opportunities for strengthening bonds with customers and other stakeholders. Our paper is innovative in that we integrate value propositions categories with the micro – meso and macro contexts and analyse the different kind of co-creation are framed in the crowdfunding contextUniversidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

The role of balanced centricity on service ecosystems development: an analysis of new business models

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose that for a service ecosystem to arise, there is a need for all the stakeholders to seek for balanced centricity at the micro, meso and macro context. For new collaborative models, can be considered the basis for value co-creation into ecosystems. Design/Methodology/approach – The authors apply a conceptual approach to develop and propose a framework for deepening understanding balanced centricity as the basis for value co-creation at every level of the service ecosystem. Qualitative case study research was conducted with different methods of data generation including interviews and participant observation. Findings –New business models need new strategies as all the actors exchange resources looking for the benefit of the whole system. In this sense, authors argue for considering balanced centricity as an strategy that enables the ecosystems to arise. From this perspective, balanced centricity should be developed at every level of the ecosystem (micro, meso and macro). Research limitations/implications (if applicable) – The paper is a conceptual paper that combines with an empirical approach. The empirical approach only considers five success cases on the arts sector. Other sectors different from the cultural and other countries would be useful to add new perspectives to the theory development. Practical implications (if applicable) – Although sometimes an ecosystem arises in a natural way into markets, the configuration and development of Balanced Centricity as a strategy would be useful in order to both: increase value co-creation among existing ecosystems and facilitation of ecosystems development. As ecosystems arising is considered a desired fact, innovation into public universities have found into this strategy a model to foster and develop new businesses. It is the case of Link by UMA Tech, wich in the context of the University of Málaga is developing with great success an strategy based on facilitating ecosystems arising making use of balanced centricity strategy. Originality/value – The present paper re-defines the conceptualization of balanced centricity, considering it as an strategy to be developed at every level of the service ecosystem. Previous papers have never put together these concepts that build on the ecosystem theory to better understand and make easier the ecosystem management in both directions: for ecosystems fostering and to facilitate new ecosystems arising.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Competences and values to understand students' entrepreneurial intentions

Entrepreneurship is based on human capital, as the development of entrepreneurial activities comes from people committed to society, change and innovation. The generation of entrepreneurial human capital is one of the roles of the Entrepreneurial University, fostering entrepreneurial competences and values within the organization. This study analyses the influence of those factors, intrinsic and extrinsic to the individual, on the generation of Entrepreneurial Intentions (EI). Based on a sample of 420 university students from various degrees and faculties, the present study develops a structural equation model that explain the influence of values and six key entrepreneurial competences on EI, applying the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) as a theoretical approach. The first results show that not all entrepreneurial competences have a significant influence on the formation of EI. Moreover, their effect differs for each of the three dimensions of the TPB. On the contrary, values influence EI across all three dimensions.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Value-in-context in Crowd-funding ecosystems: how context frames value co-creation

The aim of the present paper is to analyse if the phenomenon of crowd funding can be considered a service ecosystem, where all of the actors generate resources and co-create value for and within the system. A qualitative, multiple case base approach is used to analyze six crowd-funding initiatives in the Spanish arts sector. The findings reveal seven types of value co-creation and six actors that interact on three levels: micro–meso–macro, illustrating that crowd-funding can be considered a service ecosystem that frames value co-creation. We conclude with a discussion of the findings, managerial implications and future research opportunities.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Co-patenting, co-ownership, and co-ideation as drivers for university business innovation: the case of public universities in Spain

Purpose: This paper explores whether, in the context of university–industry (U–I) collaboration, new innovation strategies can be developed through actors' interactions, the exchange of resources and the co-creation of value for and within the system. In the context of the U–I relationship, the innovation perspective can highlight the need to develop strategies that elicit new formulas of value co-creation, which then facilitate innovation as a result of actor collaboration. Design/methodology/approach: A total of 45 public universities in Spain, representing 95% of the total, participated in qualitative research. Personal in-depth interviews with technology transfer officers (TTOs) were conducted by an external firm; in a second phase, two of the researchers conducted eight interviews with the directors of TTOs in those universities with higher rates of transfer. Findings: Findings reveal that enterprises with a technological focus are strengthening their relationships with universities and attempting to build a university business ecosystem by designing strategies for value co-creation such as co-ownership, co-patenting, and co-invention. Research limitations/implications: The empirical research is conducted in Spain, and results should be interpreted according to this context. Future research should examine new contexts (other countries) to improve the robustness of the data and enrich the results, thus enabling generalization of the management consequences. Originality/value: The results provide a means to design strategies under a new collaborative and innovating logic. The theoretical framework contributes to theory, with implications for management.The authors thank Gorka Artola, Ivan Martínez, Manel Arrufat, Xavier Vallvé, Jesús Banqueri, Antonio Peñafiel and Marina Rosales and all the universities in the sample for sharing their experience and knowledge in the development of the present research. // Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga / CBU

Capital humano y capital social: Estrategias para el fomento del emprendimiento académico

La investigación (proyecto de tesis) tiene como objetivo general analizar el modelo de Universidad Emprendedora y el emprendimiento académico a partir de tres aspectos clave: capital humano, capital social y creación de empresas spin-off. Las universidades desempeñan un papel crucial en los ecosistemas de innovación y emprendimiento, dada la importancia de la iniciativa empresarial basada en el conocimiento como catalizadora del desarrollo económico. En este contexto, el término "Universidad Emprendedora" adquiere especial relevancia. Es decir, una Universidad que identifica y aprovecha activamente las oportunidades de mejora y, a través del emprendimiento académico, involucra e interconecta a la comunidad universitaria con los agentes de su entorno, promoviendo el compromiso social y económico y el desarrollo de iniciativas con impacto. Las tres líneas de la tesis justifican la aplicación de un enfoque multidisciplinar que combina metodologías cuantitativas y cualitativas. Los resultados muestran la relevancia del desarrollo competencial y la identificación de perfiles para la formación de capital humano emprendedor, así como la importancia del capital social para la creación de spin-offs. Las implicaciones teóricas y prácticas se relacionan con cada una de las líneas, destacándose la utilidad de los resultados en la definición de programas y políticas de fomento del emprendimiento universitario.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

La cultura emprendedora y su medición internacional a través de la metodología GEM

El emprendimiento se considera un factor clave para el desarrollo económico y social de los países, ya que promueve la innovación, la productividad, el crecimiento económico y el empleo, potenciando la integración de los individuos y su movilidad social. El fenómeno emprendedor es estudiado primordialmente desde una perspectiva económica, aún así, su relación con otras disciplinas es evidente y la comprensión integral del fenómeno requiere de un enfoque multidisciplinar. En este sentido, la Sociología tiene un rol clave al recoger la importancia de aspectos sociodemográficos, culturales y contextuales en la consideración social del emprendedor y la constitución empresarial. En base a lo anterior, el proyecto Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), referente mundial en la investigación del fenómeno emprendedor, incluye en su metodología la medición de la variable Cultura de apoyo al emprendimiento, a través de un indicador específico – CULSUP. Este recoge la consideración social del emprendimiento como opción profesional deseable, el estatus social y económico asociado y la imagen y difusión de las iniciativas emprendedoras en los medios de comunicación. Así, permite analizar la influencia del aspecto cultural en la actividad y la dinámica emprendedora, favoreciendo el estudio multidisciplinar del fenómeno. La naturaleza del proyecto GEM posibilita además la perspectiva comparada. En este sentido, se analiza la aplicación del indicador cultural en el estudio del emprendimiento a partir de datos GEM mundiales, extrayendo su evolución temporal en los diferentes países participantes. Se concluye la relevancia del factor cultural en el diseño de políticas y medidas que fomenten la práctica emprendedora.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Las startups lideradas por mujeres; sociales, sostenibles y comprometidas

El impacto social y medioambiental y la sostenibilidad son cuestiones cada vez más relevantes para el ámbito empresarial y el emprendimiento. En este contexto, la mujer ha presentado históricamente menores tasas emprendedoras y sus iniciativas se han caracterizado por desarrollarse más en el sector servicios. El presente estudio analiza, desde un enfoque de género, la naturaleza social y económica del emprendimiento y su responsabilidad con respecto al desarrollo sostenible y la mejora de la sociedad. Los resultados muestran un mayor impacto social de los proyectos liderados por mujeres, así como su compromiso con un mayor número de retos mundialesUniversidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech